A Comprehensive Firearm Safety Guide: Precautions Before, During, and After Shooting

Adhering to firearm safety principles is essential for the well-being of yourself and the community. Based on Victoria Police's Firearm Safety Code, this guide provides actionable steps to ensure safe handling of firearms at all times—before, during, and after shooting.

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Before Shooting: Preparation is Key

1. Always Treat Every Firearm as Loaded
   Handle all firearms as if they are loaded. Never assume a firearm is safe without thoroughly checking it yourself.

2. Ensure Legal Compliance

   • Confirm that your firearm is properly registered and you hold a valid firearm license.
   • Ensure storage and transportation comply with Victorian firearm laws. Firearms must be unloaded and secured during transport, with ammunition stored separately.

3. Inspect the Firearm

   • Conduct a safety check to ensure the firearm is in good working condition.
   • Look for damage, blockages, or wear that might compromise its safe operation.

4. Choose the Correct Ammunition

   • Only use the specific type and caliber of ammunition intended for your firearm.
   • Inspect ammunition for damage or deterioration before use.

5. Plan Your Shooting Session

   • Know the environment where you’ll be shooting. Verify that it is safe, appropriate, and compliant with local laws.
   • Have a clear understanding of your target and what lies beyond it.

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During Shooting: Practice Vigilance

1. Point Firearms Safely
   Always keep the muzzle pointed in a safe direction, away from people, animals, or unintended objects.

2. Keep Fingers Off the Trigger
   Keep your finger outside the trigger guard until you are ready to shoot.

3. Identify Your Target

   • Be absolutely certain of your target and what is behind it.
   • Do not shoot at hard surfaces or water, as bullets may ricochet.

4. Handle with Control

   • Always maintain control of the firearm.
   • Never pass a loaded firearm to another person. First, ensure it is unloaded and the action is open.

5. Follow Range or Location Rules
   Comply with the rules of the shooting environment and follow all instructions provided by range officers or authorities.

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After Shooting: Secure and Maintain

1. Unload the Firearm Immediately

   • After shooting, unload your firearm and inspect the chamber, barrel, and magazine to ensure it is completely clear of ammunition.

2. Clean and Maintain

   • Clean your firearm to remove powder residue and prevent corrosion.
   • Check for wear or damage and address any issues before storing the firearm.

3. Store Firearms Securely

   • Under Victorian law, firearms must be stored unloaded in a locked container or safe.
   • Ammunition must be stored separately in a secure location.

4. Dispose of Ammunition Safely

   • Properly dispose of damaged or unused ammunition as per Victoria Police guidelines.

5. Review Your Safety Practices
   Reflect on your shooting session and address any safety concerns that arose. Staying vigilant about safety practices helps prevent future incidents.

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10 Commandments of Firearm Safety

Victoria Police’s Safety Code emphasizes the following core principles:

1. Treat every firearm as if it’s loaded.
2. Always point the firearm in a safe direction.
3. Keep your finger off the trigger until ready to shoot.
4. Be certain of your target and what lies beyond it.
5. Never use firearms under the influence of drugs or alcohol.
6. Store firearms and ammunition securely and separately.
7. Maintain your firearm regularly to ensure it functions safely.
8. Only shoot in authorized, safe locations.
9. Avoid modifying your firearm without professional advice.
10. Report unsafe firearm behavior or incidents to authorities.

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Safe firearm handling is both a personal responsibility and a legal obligation. By following Victoria Police's Firearm Safety Code, you protect yourself, others, and the community. For more detailed guidance, consult the full Safety Code Booklet or contact your local Victoria Police firearms officer.